Class 4/17, Roman Government

Notes:

• Res publica- the people's affairs
• Brand new republic, ready to run
• Democracy (the people's assembly and the tribunes)
• Aristocracy (the Senate- approx. 300 members)
• Plus monarchy (the consuls)
• Not tyranny (a mistake the Romans did not want to repeat)
• Government: ancient Rome/ USA-
• Originally the US modeled their new government on the model used by the ancient Romans 
• Is it exactly the same? Not quite...
• Both have three branches of government, executive, legislative, and judicial 
• Both have a legal code 
• 3 branches (1) - Rome/US
• Executive Branch in Rome- two consuls, one year terms, each has veto power, controls the military, could appoint a dictator in a crisis for six-month term 
• Executive Branch in USA:
• President (plus VP)
• Four year terms
• Can veto proposed laws
• Commander-in-Chier of the military
• Legislative Branch in Rome:
• Senate, 300 people, aristocrats, members for life
• Assemblies (either Centuriate or Tribal), 193 members (later 373), members for life
• Legislative Branch in USA:
• Senate, 100 senators (two from each state), six year terms
• House of Representatives, 435 members (55 from Cali, MD has 8, AK, DE, MT, ND, SD, WY have 1)
• Two year terms 
• Judicial Branch in Rome:
• Praetors (judges)
• Chosen by the Centuriate Assembly
• One year terms
• Judicial Branch in USA:
• Supreme Court
• Nine members
• Lifetime terms
• Appointed by the President, confirmed by the Senate
• Article Two of the United States Constitution