Class 3/27, Outline

Notes:

• Epicureanism and Stoicism: 
• founded the school of philosophy (Zeno founded the school called Stoicism) 
• Stoicis proposed that people should live virtuous lives in harmony with the will of god or the natural laws that God established to run the universe, also that wanting power and wealth and material things is unrealistic and dangerous desires that caused pain and unhappiness, encouraged followers focused on what they could control
• Epicurus founded the school of thought called Epicureanism, he thought gods were disinterested with humans and ruled the universe as they wanted, believed only real objects were things you could feel with your five senses, thought main goal of humans was to achieve harmony with body and mind, believed in everything in moderation  
• Epicurean- a person devoted to pursuing human pleasures, especially the enjoyment of good food
• Sculpture: 
• Colossus of Rhodes-a bronze statue more than 100 ft tall, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world 
• 150 B.C. the Hellenistic World was on the decline, Rome was growing and gaining strength 
• Describe the differences between the governments: aristocracy, monarchy, oligarchy, democracy
• Describe the philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
• Describe the evolution of Greek Civilization from the Minoans, Mycenaeans, and Dorians 

Class 3/26, Review

Notes:
Hellenistic Culture:
Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria:

• Hellenistic Culture- blend of Greek, Egyptian, Persian, and Indian culture
• Trade and Culturally Diverse- 
• Alexandria became a foremost center of commerce and culture/ civilization 
• Alexandria's Attractions- Alexander's Coffin, Pharos (lighthouse), library which had 500,000 papyrus scrolls
• Science and Technology:
• Astronomy-
• Aristarchus- found out that the Sun is at least x300 bigger than the Earth, Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun
• Ptolemy- disagrees with Aristarchus, says that Earth is center of universe, this was taught for the next 14 centuries
• Eratosthenes- estimated the real size of the Earth, says the Earth is round
• Mathematics and Physics-
• Euclid- wrote the book on Geometry (Elements)
• Archimedes- estimated value of pi, explained the law of lever
• The Archimedes Screw- could raise water from the ground 

Class 3/23, Outline

Notes:
Alexander's Empire:

• Philip is Alexander's dad and King of Macedonia
• King of Macedonia who invaded Greece and won
• He was going to conquer Persia, but he was murdered
• Alexander names himself king at 20 years old
• Alexander defeats Persia (Darius III)
• Alexander was tutored by the greatest mind of his time, Aristotle, he also carried a copy of of the Iliad with him and relies on it 
• Alexander vs. Darius: 
• Alexander is outnumbered by Darius' army, but wins anyways
• Alexander is crowned pharaoh of Egypt in 332 BC
• Egyptians saw him as a liberator and Alexander claimed he was a demi-god
• He founds city of Alexandria 
• Alexander goes to Mesopotamia and confronts Darius again
• Darius' army outnumbered him again with 250,000 men, Battle at Gaugamela, Alexander uses phalanx and wins again
• Alexander continues to East to Persepolis, and burned and destroyed it (took money and gold)
• Alexander's other conquests:
• Alexander is now reigned as unchallenged ruler of Southwest Asia
• In 326 BC, Hydaspes River, defeats India
• Been fighting for 11 years and marched 11, 000 miles. Army returns home
• 323 BC, army reaches Babylon. Alexander settles here
• Alexander died at 32 years old, never carried out full plans to govern and conquer. Fever?

Class 3/19, Weather and Hellenistic Age

Today in class we spent a lot of time talking about the weather. Everyone gave their input on whether or not we thought we would have school. I hope we don't honestly. Then after we talked about the weather we started to take notes from the textbook. I didn't get that far into my note taking. But I did read through the whole thing. Also the final group presentation went up. It was Kelsie, Sophia, Jillian, Giovanna, and Anna. Their project was interesting and the pottery they made turned out way better than any pottery I could have made. It was interesting how the Greeks used to tell stories through their pottery and how important it was to them.

Class 3/15, Alexander the Great

Notes:

• Macedonia- north of Greece, rough terrain, cold climate, people lived in mountain villages, thought of themselves as Greeks, had fearless kings
• Greeks looked down on Macedonians 
• Philip II, King of Macedonia- 23 years old when he came to be king, brilliant general, ruthless politician, transformed army, organized phalanxes 16 men by 16 men, each had 18-foot pike, used fast cavalry against enemies and defeated them (northern enemies), began to plan to invade Greece
• Demosthenes (Greek orator) tried to warn Greeks of Philip
• He urged them to unite but city-states could not agree
• 338 BC Athens and Thebes unite to fight Philip but the Greeks had already been defeated at the battle of Chaeronea
• Greek independence ends
• City-states retained self-government in local affairs 
• Greece all together was under the control of Macedonia (Philip)
• Philip was murdered and his son Alexander immediately took King of Macedonia for himself 
• Alexander the Great- 20 years old, well prepared, taught by Aristotle, enjoyed Homer's work, learned how to ride a horse, use weapons, and command troops as a boy 

Class 3/14, Presenting

Today in class we had "Party Mix" (I call it Chex Mix, I'm sorry). I was very happy about that, I love that stuff. Also today, my group presented our project today. I think it went pretty well. At least I hope it went well. I think people thought it was funny, again I hope they did. I found it hard to not laugh at only because I was in it and it was embarrassing in a way. I am glad that Mr. Schick liked our horses. They were hard to train. After we presented, we asked Mr. Schick about his time in the movie industry. I thought it was really interesting and I thought it was so cool that he worked on one of my favorite movies, Home Alone.

Class 3/13, Start of Presenting

Today in class we started to present our Ancient Greece Aspects of Life projects. The first group to present was Faith, Chase, Maddy, and Ellie. They did food from Ancient Greece. Honestly, I was not expecting for the honey cake to be very good but it actually was. The only reason I thought it wasn't going to be good is because they couldn't use ingredients like sugar and baking soda and because Faith warned me to be careful. Next to present was Owen and Ben. They made trireme. It was really well put together. The last group to present was Frankie, Dom, Aiden, and Vlad. They were more of two separate groups that combine. Vlad and Aiden focused on Poseidon's trident while Dom and Frankie made a small model of a phalanx that actually looked really good.